and experiencing convulsions. [231] A second LaserDisc was released in 1992,[232] before a third and final version came out under MCA/Universal Home Video's Signature Collection imprint in 1995. [3][4] The producers each read the book over the course of a single night and agreed the next morning that it was "the most exciting thing that they had ever read" and that they wanted to produce a film version, although they were unsure how it would be accomplished. "[78] The piece was performed by tuba player Tommy Johnson. Meanwhile, consulting oceanographer Matt Hooper examines Chrissie's remains, and confirms her death was caused by a shark—an unusually large one. Because the film the director envisioned was so dissimilar to Benchley's novel, Spielberg asked Dreyfuss not to read it. [36], Initially the film's producers wanted to train a great white shark[49] but quickly realized this wasn't possible so three full-size pneumatically powered prop sharks—which the film crew nicknamed "Bruce" after Spielberg's lawyer, Bruce Ramer—were made for the production:[50] a "sea-sled shark", a full-body prop with its belly missing that was towed with a 300-foot (91 m) line, and two "platform sharks", one that moved from camera-left to -right (with its hidden left side exposing an array of pneumatic hoses), and an opposite model with its right flank uncovered. ", "Poster king dreams up images to grab audiences", "Man who gave summer blockbuster its bite dies", "Pottering on, and on – Highest-grossing film in franchise", "All Time Box Office Adjusted for Ticket Price Inflation:Est. [16] The actor initially passed, but changed his decision after he attended a pre-release screening of The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz, which he had just completed. Plot Point 1: Since no one is certain if there is a shark or not, and the public aren’t even aware of the girl’s death, the beaches are full of swimmers. "[173], Jaws won three Academy Awards, those being for Best Film Editing, Best Original Dramatic Score, and Best Sound (Robert Hoyt, Roger Heman, Earl Madery, and John Carter). For one thing, bare trees can be spotted throughout Amity, despite it being the middle of summer. Brody reluctantly accepts their conclusion until the shark kills a young boy, Alex Kintner, in full view of a crowded beach. [167] Along with the Oscar, John Williams's score won the Grammy Award,[176] the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music,[177] and the Golden Globe Award. One of those pursuits involves a blond girl named Chrissie being chased by a guy who has caught her eye across the rising flames from the fire. While the shark thrashes in the tangled remains of the cage, Hooper manages to escape to the seabed. [147] By the time of the third film in 1983, Variety reported that it had earned worldwide rentals of $270 million. [74][75] The main "shark" theme, a simple alternating pattern of two notes—variously identified as "E and F"[76] or "F and F sharp"[77]—became a classic piece of suspense music, synonymous with approaching danger[citation needed] (see leading-tone). [149][150], Across all of its releases Jaws has grossed $472 million worldwide;[151] adjusted for inflation, it has earned almost $2 billion at 2011 prices and is the second-most successful franchise film after Star Wars. Murray Hamilton plays the mayor, and Lorraine Gary portrays Brody's wife. As the audience's screams had covered up Scheider's "bigger boat" one-liner, Brody's reaction after the shark jumps behind him was extended, and the volume of the line was raised. Richard Dreyfuss made a cameo appearance in the 2010 film Piranha 3D, a loose remake of the 1978 film. That first attack upsets the balance of things in Amityville, thus creating the need for a story. "[206], Jaws also played a major part in establishing summer as the prime season for the release of studios' biggest box-office contenders, their intended blockbusters;[125][207] winter had long been the time when most hoped-for hits were distributed, while summer was largely reserved for dumping films thought likely to be poor performers. I want them to have to get in their cars and drive to see it in Hollywood. [55] The poster was based on the paperback's cover, and had the same artist, Bantam employee Roger Kastel. Brown came across it in the literature section of lifestyle magazine Cosmopolitan, then edited by his wife, Helen Gurley Brown. [240] In June 2005, a 30th anniversary edition was released at the JawsFest festival on Martha's Vineyard. Shaw also fled to Canada whenever he could due to tax problems,[58] engaged in binge drinking, and developed a grudge against Dreyfuss, who was getting rave reviews for his performance in Duddy Kravitz. [204] According to Peter Biskind, Jaws "diminished the importance of print reviews, making it virtually impossible for a film to build slowly, finding its audience by dint of mere quality. [127][130][131] Building on the film's success, the release was subsequently expanded on July 25 to nearly 700 theaters, and on August 15 to more than 950. "[13] One of his changes was to remove the novel's adulterous affair between Ellen Brody and Matt Hooper, at the suggestion of Spielberg, who feared it would compromise the camaraderie between the men on the Orca. [29], The role of Brody was offered to Robert Duvall, but the actor was interested only in portraying Quint. [138] It grossed $100 million in its first 59 days from 954 playdates. [118], The glowing audience response to a rough cut of the film at two test screenings in Dallas on March 26, 1975, and one in Long Beach, on March 28, along with the success of Benchley's novel and the early stages of Universal's marketing campaign, generated great interest among theater owners, facilitating the studio's plan to debut Jaws at hundreds of cinemas simultaneously. [206] Jaws and Star Wars are regarded as marking the beginning of the new U.S. film industry business model dominated by "high-concept" pictures — with premises that can be easily described and marketed — as well as the beginning of the end of the New Hollywood period, which saw auteur films increasingly disregarded in favor of profitable big-budget pictures. Quint's monologue reveals a similar obsession with sharks; even his boat, the Orca, is named after the only natural enemy of the white shark. [20] One specific alteration he called for in the story was to change the cause of the shark's death from extensive wounds to a scuba tank explosion, as he felt audiences would respond better to a "big rousing ending". "[105], Neal Gabler analyzed the film as showing three different approaches to solving an obstacle: science (represented by Hooper), spiritualism (represented by Quint), and the common man (represented by Brody). Doubleday commissioned him to write the novel in 1971, a period when Benchley worked as a freelance journalist. The cage proves to be no match for the shark, who attacks Hooper with such ferocity that he drops the harpoon and is forced to hide in a reef while his cage is destroyed. Them, hip counterculture figures vs. "The Man"—the overarching conflict in Jaws does not pit the heroes against authority figures, but against a menace that targets everyone regardless of socioeconomic position. The underwater scene was shot in Fields's swimming pool in Encino, California,[72] using a lifecast latex model of Craig Kingsbury's head attached to a fake body, which was placed in the wrecked boat's hull. [13], Shooting at sea led to many delays: unwanted sailboats drifted into frame, cameras got soaked,[36] and the Orca once began to sink with the actors on board. [62] During the Taylors' shoot, a great white attacked the boat and cage. [69], Two scenes were altered following test screenings. The novel grew out of Benchley's interest in shark attacks after he learned about the exploits of Montauk, New York shark fisherman Frank Mundus in 1964. [95] Gottlieb himself said he and Spielberg referred to Jaws as "Moby-Dick meets Enemy of the People". It tells the story of a great white shark that preys upon a small resort town and the voyage of three men trying to kill it. [87][88] Gottlieb named two science fiction productions from the same era as influences on how the shark was depicted, or not: The Thing from Another World, which Gottlieb described as "a great horror film where you only see the monster in the last reel";[89] and It Came From Outer Space, where "the suspense was built up because the creature was always off-camera". This last straw propels Brody to demand Vaughn sign papers to contract Sam Quint (Richard Shaw) to kill the Great White. Suddenly, he’s dragged under, red blood erupting above the water. [227][228], On March 24, 2020, it was announced that Donna Feore will direct and choreograph Bruce, the musical retelling of the behind-the-scenes story of Jaws, with Richard Oberacker writing the musical book and lyrics and Robert Taylor working on the music and is set to premiere from June to July 2021 at the Paper Mill Playhouse in Millburn, New Jersey. A Form to Story. Sequence A 00.00 Titles 01.00 Night beach party by campfire 03.00 [34] As for his lack of experience: "I was naive about the ocean, basically. The next day, her partial remains are found on shore. [170] Los Angeles Times critic Charles Champlin disagreed with the film's PG rating, saying that "Jaws is too gruesome for children, and likely to turn the stomach of the impressionable at any age. He tries to close the beaches, but the mayor of Amity, Larry Vaughn, pressures him to forget it. However, the scene from Moby-Dick could not be licensed from the film's star, Gregory Peck, its copyright holder. [175] Spielberg greatly resented the fact that he was not nominated for Best Director. The acting became crucial for making audiences believe in such a big shark: "The more fake the shark looked in the water, the more my anxiety told me to heighten the naturalism of the performances. [132] Overseas distribution followed the same pattern, with intensive television campaigns and wide releases — in Great Britain, for instance, Jaws opened in December at more than 100 theaters. Quint prepares to sever the line to prevent the transom from being pulled out but the cleats break off, keeping the barrels attached to the shark. One example was Deputy Hendricks, played by future television producer Jeffrey Kramer. [42] As a result of the casting, Hooper was rewritten to better suit the actor,[32] as well as to be more representative of Spielberg, who came to view Dreyfuss as his "alter ego". Then the Midpoint happens–and, along with it, the Moment of Truth.This is where everything changes for the protagonist. [229], On November 20, 2020, a replica of the shark, also called "Bruce", was lifted into place at the Academy Museum of Motion Pictures in preparation for the museum's April 2021 opening. In movies like Jaws, characters are simply functions of the action ... like stage hands who move props around and deliver information when it's necessary". A bonfire rages as a group of teens gather around for an evening of fun, drinking, and the pursuit of each other. Convinced that a silent underwater predator is victimising her family after the shark killings in Jaws (1975) and Jaws 2 (1978), grief-stricken Ellen Brody tries to start afresh by spending time with her son's Michael's family in the Bahamas; however, there, too, there seems to be no escape from the nightmare. [86] A direct reference to these similarities may be found in Spielberg's draft of the screenplay, which introduces Quint watching the film version of Moby-Dick; his continuous laughter prompts other audience members to get up and leave the theater. [82] According to Alexandre Tylski, like themes Bernard Herrmann wrote for Taxi Driver, North by Northwest, and particularly Mysterious Island, it suggests human respiration. It is a coarse-grained and exploitative work which depends on excess for its impact. [19] The script for each scene was typically finished the night before it was shot, after Gottlieb had dinner with Spielberg and members of the cast and crew to decide what would go into the film. [255] This table features 3-D figures of Quint and Jaws, with the opportunity to play missions from either character's perspective. Hooper expresses doubts that the tiger shark is responsible for the attacks, and his suspicions are confirmed when, after an examination, no human remains are found inside its stomach. Jaws . [8], Before production began, Spielberg grew reluctant to continue with Jaws, in fear of becoming typecast as the "truck and shark director". Jaws: The Revenge (1987)", "Film: 'Jaws the Revenge,' The Fourth in the Series", "Notes on Evolving Heroes, Morals, Audiences", "From Roadshowing to Saturation Release: Majors, Independents, and Marketing/Distribution Innovations", Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull, USC Shoah Foundation Institute for Visual History and Education, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jaws_(film)&oldid=1024333891, Films that won the Best Original Score Academy Award, Films that won the Best Sound Mixing Academy Award, Films whose editor won the Best Film Editing Academy Award, United States National Film Registry films, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 21 May 2021, at 14:00. [28] Lee Fierro plays Mrs. Kintner, the mother of the shark's second victim Alex Kintner (played by Jeffrey Voorhees). "[171] Marcia Magill of Films in Review said that while Jaws "is eminently worth seeing for its second half", she felt that before the protagonists' pursuit of the shark the film was "often flawed by its busyness". [51] In early July, the platform used to tow the two side-view sharks capsized as it was being lowered to the ocean floor, forcing a team of divers to retrieve it. A bounty is placed on the shark, causing an amateur shark-hunting frenzy, and local professional shark fisherman Quint offers to catch and kill it for $10,000. Hooper surfaces, and he and Brody paddle back to Amity Island clinging to the remaining barrels. "[116], More merchandise was created to take advantage of the film's release. [36] To simulate the murky waters of Martha's Vineyard, powdered milk was poured into the pool, which was then covered with a tarpaulin. [20] According to the director, Milius turned Sackler's "three-quarters of a page" speech into a monologue, and that was then rewritten by Shaw. "[81] Halliwell's Film Guide stated that "despite genuinely suspenseful and frightening sequences, it is a slackly narrated and sometimes flatly handled thriller with an over-abundance of dialogue and, when it finally appears, a pretty unconvincing monster. (1:56:42), © 2021 The Script Lab. But another fatal shark attack occurs where nobody expects: in a nearby pond connecting into the harbor, in which Brody’s son Michael barely escapes with his life. [230], The first ever LaserDisc title marketed in North America was the MCA DiscoVision release of Jaws in 1978. [166] For New Times magazine, Frank Rich wrote, "Spielberg is blessed with a talent that is absurdly absent from most American filmmakers these days: this man actually knows how to tell a story on screen.
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