The Bolshoi Ballet took that name in 1825, when the new Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow took over the ballet company of its predecessor, the Petrovsky Theatre, which had been established in 1776. Urusov was assisted by English businessman Michael Maddox, and together they brought together an opera/theater troupe and a theater school in Moscow. Maddox, how… Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Reasons for the attack include corruption within the company. Repeatedly hit by fire, the theatre has been rebuilt many times and survived several regime changes, but is still considered one of the greatest and oldest ballet and opera companies in the world. In 1819 a competition for designs for a new theatre was announced. Bol'shoy Teatr, Big Theatre, IPA: [bɐlʲˈʂoj tʲɪˈatər]) is a historic theatre in Moscow, Russia, originally designed by architect Joseph Bové, which holds ballet and opera performances. On 29 October 2002 the Bolshoi was given a New Stage and it was here it presented its performances during the years the Main Stage was undergoing massive reconstruction and refurbishment. [5], The Soviet leadership's preference for uncomplicated moral themes in the arts was demonstrated in Yuri Grigorovich's appointment as director in 1964. After the 1917 Revolution, the imperial theatre curtains were 'banished'. The Tsar's box, opposite the stage and protruding a little into the auditorium became the latter's central feature. The Bolshoi Theatre is a symbol of Russia for all time. It has one branch at the Bolshoi Ballet Theater School in Joinville, Brazil. Mikhail Lermontov, in a work he wrote as a young man A Panorama of Moscow. It was this opening that dictated the circular composition of the Apollo and the Muses plafond painted round it by Academician Alexei Titov. It only achieved worldwide acclaim, however, in the early 20th century when Moscow became the capital of Soviet Russia. The reconstruction project lasted from l July 2005 to 28 October 2011. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. It was very comfortable: there were galleries where the public could promenade, staircases leading to the tiers, corner and side rooms for the audience to rest in and capacious cloakrooms. "[8], In January 2013, a sulfuric acid attack on art director Sergei Filin once again steeped the company in scandal. The frieze and capitals of the columns were altered. The huge auditorium could accommodate over two thousand people. On 28 March (17 according to the old style) 1776, Catherine II granted the prosecutor, Prince Pyotr Urusov, the "privilege" of "maintaining" theatre performances of all kinds, including masquerades, balls and other forms of entertainment, for a period of ten years. The theatre hosted many historic premieres including “A Life for the Tsar” in 1842 – arguably the most important opera in history of Russian theatre, and “Ruslan and Ludmila”. The auditorium chandelier was originally lit by 300 oil lamps. © 2011–2020 The State Academic Bolshoi Theatre of Russia. This history is on-going and today Bolshoi Theatre artists continue to contribute to it many bright pages. And though the Theatre was indeed very large, it was unable to accommodate all those who wished to be present. The lettered boxes closest to the stage on both sides of the auditorium were reserved for the Tsar's family, court ministries and Theatre management. [1], The earliest origins of the Bolshoi Ballet can be found in the creation of a dance school for a Moscow orphanage in 1773. Both have developed very different performing styles: the Bolshoi has a more colourful and bold approach, whereas the Mariinsky is associated with more pure and refined classicism. There was a considerable increase in the space occupied by the auditorium which made it possible to provide the boxes with anterooms – small drawing-rooms done up to entertain visitors from the stalls or from neighboring boxes. Founded in 1776, the Bolshoi is among the world's oldest ballet companies. However, in 1922, the Bolshevik government decided that to close the Theatre was not economically feasible. On 28 March 1776, Empress Catherine II signed and granted the Prince the 'privilege' of organizing theatre performances, masquerades, balls and other forms of entertainment for a period of ten years. The Theatre opened on 30 December 1780. In 1919 the title of Academic was bestowed on the Theatre which in those times was no guarantee of safety for, within a few days, the issue of whether or not to close it down was again being hotly debated. A prologue in verse (M. Dmitriev) specially written for the occasion was performed The Triumph of the Muses, with choruses and dances to music by Alexander Alyabiev, Alexei Verstovsky and F. Scholtz, and also a ballet Cendrillon produced by a guest ballerina and ballet-master from France Félicité Hullen-Sor, to music by the latter’s husband, Fernando Sor. The competition was won by Alberto Cavos, chief architect of the imperial theatres and a professor of the Petersburg Academy of the Arts. In 1842 the Moscow theatres were again subordinated to the joint Directorate of Imperial Theatres. The Theatre's first building was erected on the right bank of the River Neglinka. Today the Bolshoi Ballet remains one of the world's foremost ballet companies, in addition to being one of the largest, with approximately 220 dancers. 1 Teatralnaya ploschad (1 Theatre Square), Moscow, Russia, Bol'shaya Dmitrovka Street, 4/2, Moscow, Russia, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov "The Tsar`s Bride" (Opera in four acts), Evening of one-act ballets: Maurice Bejart "Gaite Parisienne", George Balanchine "Symphony in C". It was decided to undertake emergency repairs under the direction of architect Ivan Rerberg.
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