"Did incision of the Three Gorges begin in the Eocene? Some sections of the river are now protected as nature reserves. However, these seasonal changes will be greatly reduced by dams and diversions. In other words, if the water goes over Buddha's feet, the city of Leshan will be flooded. The headwaters of the Yangtze are situated at an elevation of about 4,900 m (16,100 ft). Expert calls for 10-year fishing moratorium on Yangtze River. Chang Jiang literally means the "Long River." The survival of these two sturgeon may rely on the continued release of captive bred specimens. Cutting off the other lakes that had served as natural buffers for floods increased the damage done by floods further downstream. A view of the Five Flower Lake with among fall woods in Jiuzhaigou nature reserve (Jiuzhai Valley National Park), China. [123][124] In contrast, the Chinese fire belly newt from the lower Yangtze basin is one of the few Chinese salamander species to remain common and it is considered least concern by the IUCN. No other order has more than four species in the river and one endemic. [68] By the Song dynasty, the area along the Yangtze had become among the wealthiest and most developed parts of the country, especially in the lower reaches of the river. Pompeo says "soul of the world" at stake as allies mull China's rise, 2nd senior U.S. official visits Taiwan, irking Beijing even more, Thief reportedly nabs $500M worth of Chinese communist memorabilia, Taoist priest's memorial tablets honor China's COVID "heroes' spirits", U.S. In mid-1840, a large fleet of warships appeared on the China coast, and with the first cannonball fired at a British ship, the Royal Saxon, the British started the first of the Opium Wars. Chumar is Tibetan for the "Red River.". Four of China's five main freshwater lakes contribute their waters to the Yangtze River. [98], As of 2011[update], 416 fish species are known from the Yangtze basin, including 362 that strictly are freshwater species. [91], Reconnecting the lakes improved water quality and fish were able to migrate from the river into the lake, replenishing their numbers and genetic stock. In the supplementary Treaty of the Bogue, the Qing Empire also recognized Britain as an equal to China and gave British subjects extraterritorial privileges in treaty ports. The Qin and Han empires were actively engaged in the agricultural colonization of the Yangtze lowlands, maintaining a system of dikes to protect farmland from seasonal floods. Furthermore, the natural flow of migratory fish was obstructed and biodiversity across the whole basin decreased dramatically. The Jiujiang Yangtze River Bridge was built in 1992 as part of the Beijing-Jiujiang Railway. In 1909 the gunboat USS Samar changed station to Shanghai, where she regularly patrolled the lower Yangtze River up to Nanking and Wuhu. The rapid pace of bridge construction has continued. As the kingdoms of Wu and Yue, they were famed as fishers, shipwrights, and sword-smiths. Politically, Nanjing was the capital of China several times, although most of the time its territory only covered the southeastern part of China, such as the Wu kingdom in the Three Kingdoms period, the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and during the Southern and Northern Dynasties and Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms periods. Get the latest breaking news delivered straight to your inbox. The new approach also benefitted the farmers economically. On the river is a big dam called the Three Gorges Dam, which is the biggest in the world. Road-rail bridges were then built in Zhicheng (1971) and Chongqing (1980). The Royal Navy had a series of Insect-class gunboats which patrolled between Chungking and Shanghai. These animals numbers went into freefall from the combined effects of accidental catches during fishing, river traffic, habitat loss and pollution. River steamers were popular targets for both Nationalists and Communists, and peasants who would take periodic pot-shots at vessels. More than a hundred lakes were thusly cut off from the main river. [128] It is a commercially important species in its native range where it is farmed,[127] but the Chinese mitten crab has also been spread to Europe and North America where considered invasive. Several dams are operating or are being constructed on the upper portion of the river, the Jinsha River. [98] Many are only found in some section of the river basin and especially the upper reach (above Yichang, but below the headwaters in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau) is rich with 279 species, including 147 Yangtze endemics and 97 strict endemics (found only in this part of the basin). [119], In addition to the very large and exceptionally rare Yangtze giant softshell turtle, several smaller turtle species are found in the Yangtze basin, its delta and valleys. [27] The name is derived the Classical Tibetan for "Marsh River" (འདམ་ཆུ, w 'Dam Chu). The river was called Quian (江) and Quianshui (江水) by Marco Polo[28] and appeared on the earliest English maps as Kian or Kiam,[29][30] all recording dialects which preserved forms of the Middle Chinese pronunciation of 江 as Kæwng. [120] The polluted Dian Lake, which is part of the upper Yangtze watershed (via Pudu River), is home to several highly threatened fish, but was also home to the Yunnan lake newt. The epithet 長 (simplified version 长), means "long", was first formally applied to the river during the Six Dynasties period. Be in the know. Following an anti-foreign riots in Changsha in April 1910, which destroyed a number of missions and merchant warehouses, Samar sailed up the Yangtze River to Hankow and then Changsa to show the flag and help restore order. At the northern tip of Jiangxi, Lake Poyang, the biggest freshwater lake in China, merges into the river. [124][125][126], The Yangtze basin contains a large number of freshwater crab species, including several endemics. Other Chinese vessels came onto the run and by 1915, foreign ships expressed their interest too. Together with 9 other rivers, the Yangtze transports 90% of all the plastic that reaches the oceans. "Stocking models of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir japonica sinensis) in Yangtze lakes", "Patterns of diversity, areas of endemism, and multiple glacial refuges for freshwater crabs of the genus Sinopotamon in China (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae)", "NOBANIS – Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet –, The River at the Center of the World: A Journey Up the Yangtze and Back in Chinese Time, Video of walking along the Yangtze River in Yichang City, Hubei Province, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yangtze&oldid=986952360, Articles with dead external links from July 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with Chinese-language sources (zh), Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles containing Mongolian-language text, Articles with Latin-language sources (la), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2020, Articles containing Standard Tibetan-language text, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from July 2013, Articles with disputed statements from April 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2010, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 3 November 2020, at 23:24.
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